在 Word 中把引注链接到参考文献表
描述
建立引注（citation）与参考文献表（bibliography）之间的单向超链接（引用 -> 参考书目），类似于 endnotes 的「Link in-text citations to references in the bibliography」：
Zotero 官方不提供该功能，这是因为 Zotero 使用的 CSL 处理器将 citation 渲染为一个 filed，无法添加超链接 [1]。
以下提供两种方法来实现为 citation 添加超链接的功能。
Word 宏
从 Zotero 论坛发现了通过 Word 宏实现的功能 [2]，虽有一些缺陷，但基本可以达成需求。
配置及使用
在 Word 里新建一个宏，添加宏代码如下：
vb
Public Sub ZoteroLinkCitation()
' get selected area (if applicable)
Dim nStart&, nEnd&
nStart = Selection.Start
nEnd = Selection.End
' toggle screen updating
Application.ScreenUpdating = False
' define variables
Dim title As String
Dim titleAnchor As String
Dim style As String
Dim fieldCode As String
Dim numOrYear As String
Dim pos&, n1&, n2&, n3&
ActiveWindow.View.ShowFieldCodes = True
Selection.Find.ClearFormatting
' find the Zotero bibliography
With Selection.Find
.Text = "^d ADDIN ZOTERO_BIBL"
.Replacement.Text = ""
.Forward = True
.Wrap = wdFindContinue
.Format = False
.MatchCase = False
.MatchWholeWord = False
.MatchWildcards = False
.MatchSoundsLike = False
.MatchAllWordForms = False
End With
Selection.Find.Execute
' add bookmark for the Zotero bibliography
With ActiveDocument.Bookmarks
.Add Range:=Selection.Range, Name:="Zotero_Bibliography"
.DefaultSorting = wdSortByName
.ShowHidden = True
End With
' loop through each field in the document
For Each aField In ActiveDocument.Fields
' check if the field is a Zotero in-text reference
'##################################################
If InStr(aField.Code, "ADDIN ZOTERO_ITEM") > 0 Then
fieldCode = aField.Code
'#############
' Prepare
' Plain citation== Format of Textfield shown
' must be in Brackets
Dim plain_Cit As String
plCitStrBeg = """plainCitation"":""["
plCitStrEnd = "]"""
n1 = InStr(fieldCode, plCitStrBeg)
n1 = n1 + Len(plCitStrBeg)
n2 = InStr(Mid(fieldCode, n1, Len(fieldCode) - n1), plCitStrEnd) - 1 + n1
plain_Cit = Mid$(fieldCode, n1 - 1, n2 - n1 + 2)
'Reference 'as shown' in word as a string
'Title array in fieldCode (all referenced Titles within this field)
Dim array_RefTitle(32) As String
i = 0
Do While InStr(fieldCode, """title"":""") > 0
n1 = InStr(fieldCode, """title"":""") + Len("""title"":""")
n2 = InStr(Mid(fieldCode, n1, Len(fieldCode) - n1), """,""") - 1 + n1
If n2 < n1 Then 'Exception the type 'Article'
n2 = InStr(Mid(fieldCode, n1, Len(fieldCode) - n1), "}") - 1 + n1 - 1
End If
array_RefTitle(i) = Mid(fieldCode, n1, n2 - n1)
fieldCode = Mid(fieldCode, n2 + 1, Len(fieldCode) - n2 - 1)
i = i + 1
Loop
Titles_in_Cit = i
'Number array with References shown in PlainCit
'Numer is equal or less than Titels, depending on the type
'[3], [8]-[10]; [2]-[4]; [2], [4], [5]
' All citations have to be in Brackets each! [3], [8] not [3, 8]
' This doesnt work otherwise!
' --> treatment of other delimiters could be implemented here
Dim RefNumber(32) As String
i = 0
Do While (InStr(plain_Cit, "]") Or InStr(plain_Cit, "[")) > 0
n1 = InStr(plain_Cit, "[")
n2 = InStr(plain_Cit, "]")
RefNumber(i) = Mid(plain_Cit, n1 + 1, n2 - (n1 + 1))
plain_Cit = Mid(plain_Cit, n2 + 1, Len(plain_Cit) - (n2 + 1) + 1)
i = i + 1
Loop
Refs_in_Cit = i
'treat only the shown references (skip the rest)
'[3], [8]-[10] --> skip [9]
'Order of titles given from fieldcode, not checked!
If Titles_in_Cit > Refs_in_Cit Then
array_RefTitle(Refs_in_Cit - 1) = array_RefTitle(Titles_in_Cit - 1)
i = 1
Do While Refs_in_Cit + i <= Titles_in_Cit
array_RefTitle(Refs_in_Cit + i - 1) = ""
i = i + 1
Loop
End If
'#############
'Make the links
For Refs = 0 To Refs_in_Cit - 1 Step 1
title = array_RefTitle(Refs)
array_RefTitle(Refs) = ""
' make title a valid bookmark name
titleAnchor = title
titleAnchor = MakeValidBMName(titleAnchor)
ActiveWindow.View.ShowFieldCodes = False
Selection.GoTo What:=wdGoToBookmark, Name:="Zotero_Bibliography"
'' locate the corresponding reference in the bibliography
'' by searching for its title
Selection.Find.ClearFormatting
With Selection.Find
.Text = Left(title, 255)
.Replacement.Text = ""
.Forward = True
.Wrap = wdFindContinue
.Format = False
.MatchCase = False
.MatchWholeWord = False
.MatchWildcards = False
.MatchSoundsLike = False
.MatchAllWordForms = False
End With
Selection.Find.Execute
' select the whole caption (for mouseover tooltip)
Selection.MoveStartUntil ("["), Count:=wdBackward
Selection.MoveEndUntil (vbBack)
lnkcap = "[" & Selection.Text
lnkcap = Left(lnkcap, 70)
' add bookmark for the reference within the bibliography
Selection.Shrink
With ActiveDocument.Bookmarks
.Add Range:=Selection.Range, Name:=titleAnchor
.DefaultSorting = wdSortByName
.ShowHidden = True
End With
' jump back to the field
aField.Select
' find and select the numeric part of the field which will become the hyperlink
Selection.Find.ClearFormatting
With Selection.Find
.Text = RefNumber(Refs)
.Replacement.Text = ""
.Forward = True
.Wrap = wdFindContinue
.Format = False
.MatchCase = False
.MatchWholeWord = False
.MatchWildcards = False
.MatchSoundsLike = False
.MatchAllWordForms = False
End With
Selection.Find.Execute
numOrYear = Selection.Range.Text & ""
' store current style
style = Selection.style
' Generate the Hyperlink -->Forward!
ActiveDocument.Hyperlinks.Add Anchor:=Selection.Range, Address:="", SubAddress:=titleAnchor, ScreenTip:=lnkcap, TextToDisplay:="" & numOrYear
' reset the style
Selection.style = style
' comment if you want standard link style
aField.Select
With Selection.Font
.Underline = wdUnderlineNone
.ColorIndex = wdBlack
End With
Next Refs 'References in Cit
End If 'If Zotero-Field
'#########################
Next aField ' next field
' go back to original range selected
ActiveWindow.View.ShowFieldCodes = False
ActiveDocument.Range(nStart, nEnd).Select
End Sub
Function MakeValidBMName(strIn As String)
Dim pFirstChr As String
Dim i As Long
Dim tempStr As String
strIn = Trim(strIn)
pFirstChr = Left(strIn, 1)
If Not pFirstChr Like "[A-Za-z]" Then
strIn = "A_" & strIn
End If
For i = 1 To Len(strIn)
Select Case Asc(Mid$(strIn, i, 1))
Case 49 To 57, 65 To 90, 97 To 122
tempStr = tempStr & Mid$(strIn, i, 1)
Case Else
tempStr = tempStr & "_"
End Select
Next i
tempStr = Replace(tempStr, " ", " ")
MakeValidBMName = Left(tempStr, 40)
End FunctionPython 脚本
Python 包 noterools 提供了可以 Zotero 的引用添加超链接的函数。更多关于该 Python 包的信息请查看 GitHub 仓库。
使用前的注意事项
noterools实际上也是通过操作 Word 来添加的超链接，由于依赖库的原因其只能在 Windows 环境下使用。- 在为
(作者, 年份)引用格式添加超链接时，noterools还会修正参考文献表中没有被正确设置为斜体的刊物名称或出版商名称。顺序引用格式目前还不支持此功能。
使用方法
- 使用 pip 安装
noterools
bash
pip install -U noterools- 创建一个简单的 Python 脚本调用其中的函数。以下是一个简单的示例
python
from noterools import Word, add_citation_cross_ref_hook, add_cross_ref_style_hook
if __name__ == '__main__':
# 你想要添加超链接的 Word 文档路径
word_file_path = r"E:\Documents\Word\test.docx"
# 新文档的保存路径
new_file_path = r"E:\Documents\Word\test_new.docx"
with Word(word_file_path, save_path=new_file_path) as word:
# 为顺序引用格式添加超链接
add_citation_cross_ref_hook(word, is_numbered=True)
# 为 (作者，年份) 引用格式添加超链接，默认会将参考文献表中没有被正确设置为斜体的刊物名称或出版商设置为斜体
# 由于 Word 中的超链接默认为蓝色，而 noterools 仅会将超链接添加到 年份 上，所以 作者名称 和 年份 的颜色会不一致
# add_citation_cross_ref_hook(word, is_numbered=False)
# 通过设置 color 的值，可以设置整个引用的颜色 (不包含括号)
# 0: 黑色
# 16711680: 蓝色
# 更多颜色请参考 Word 中的颜色枚举类型：https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/office/vba/api/word.wdcolor
# add_citation_cross_ref_hook(word, is_numbered=False, color=0)
# set_container_title_italic 用于控制是否修正参考文献表中没有正确设置为斜体的名称
# 你可以通过将其设置为 False 来关闭这项功能
# add_citation_cross_ref_hook(word, is_numbered=False, set_container_title_italic=False)
# 执行操作
word.perform()缺陷和注意事项
- 手动更新引注时会出现引注已被修改的弹窗。
- 无法实现从参考文献表跳转到引注。
- 使用 Word 宏方法时，同时引用多个引注时只能链接最后一个。
- 当你选择 Unlink Citations 时，添加的所有超链接会失效。
Northword
Syize